Cole illustrates why emergency room visits should not be adjudicated based on final diagnosis instead of presenting symptoms.
John had a bit of a scare earlier in the week:
Just got back from a relaxing seven hour visit to the ER. For the past couple of days I’ve had a little pain in my chest, but it felt like the pain I had when I had an ulcer a decade ago, so I dismissed it. Today it got worse and I could feel it in my shoulder and back, so I decided to go check my blood pressure. Checked my BP, and it was through the roof (200/100 normally about 135/75) and my heart rate was 84 bpm and it is normally about 55-65… so I decided I should probably go seek medical attention….
What do we know about Cole? We know he is a klutz. We know that he is middle aged. We know that he is carrying a couple extra pounds. We also know that he lives in the middle of nowhere and the closest hospital in Wheeling or Weirton is probably 30 minutes away once the vehicle leaves his driveway.
And we also know that he is having chest pains that were spreading and unusual cardiac measurements.
That to me sounds like a damn good reason to get checked out even if the eventual diagnosis is that there is not much happening. It sounds like a damn good reason because Cole is not a doctor but he knows his body and knows that something strange may be happening. It is prudent for someone with his demographics and chest pains to get a doctor to say “Okay” or “Oh Shit”. The cost of thinking he would be okay while he was actually going into an Oh Shit scenario is higher than the opposite way of being wrong.
The ACA requires insurers to use the prudent layperson standard to determine whether an ER visit a priori is an emergency. Using post-facto diagnosis codes imposes a knowledge requirement on the prudent layperson that they can’t meet.
Seth Trueger, an ER physician explains:
The ACA made the prudent layperson standard federal law (ACEP piece). The prudent layperson standard is exactly what it sounds like: the definition of a medical emergency is that a normal person with an average knowledge of medicine thinks is an emergency -– the patient’s symptoms make it an emergency, not the final diagnosis. So severe abdominal pain that turns out to be “just” an ovarian cyst is, by definition, an emergency….
If the patient is acting like a “prudent layperson” and thinks they are having an emergency, then it is an emergency and the insurer has to cover the ER visit. Full stop.This is really important because there is a huge overlap in symptoms between simple benign problems (ovarian cyst) and serious life threatening problems (appendicitis) — see this fantastic paper by Maria Raven et al….
Tons of patients end up with final diagnoses like “acute viral bronchitis” which sound simple. Except when the patient is 80 and has CHF and COPD and it could easily be flu or pneumonia or a serious COPD or CHF exacerbation any or all of which could kill them.
We’re not medical experts. We know what does not feel right in our own body, that is a hyper valuable expertise but the layperson can’t self diagnose themselves and only go to the hospital when the chest pains are an actual heart attack instead of something else.
John, the ER and the prudent man standardPost + Comments (54)