
Three quick housekeeping notes. First, thank you to everyone that has donated to help pay off Rosie’s vet bills from her stroke or are considering doing so. It is greatly appreciated, especially given how screwed up the economy is right now. And thank you all again for your good thoughts, well wishes, and prayers. She has her monthly appointment tomorrow, which is now both her post chemo and her post stroke monthly check in, so I’ll update more tomorrow.
Second, it was a very, very long day and I’m fried, so I’m just going to run through the basics.
Third, as some of you may have scene, someone front ran the markets today before Trump’s manic social media posting event and made themselves a very large windfall once the market irrationally reacted to Trump’s posts. As this is not the first time this has happened in the past six weeks, for both the stock market and the gambling apps, I think we need to understand Trump’s war on Iran as an insider trading scam. It is important to keep in mind that the Iranians almost immediately contradicted all of Trump’s assertions.
President Zelenskyy welcomed King Carl Gustaf in Lviv today.
🇸🇪 King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden has arrived in Ukraine for the first time in 14 years. He is currently in Lviv together with President Zelensky.
We are grateful to the Royal Family and the people of Sweden for their unwavering support for Ukraine.🇺🇦
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 11:51 AM
President Zelensky and King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden discussed cooperation on Ukraine’s future air fleet and strengthening its skies with Swedish Gripen fighter jets.
Sweden is also providing €4 billion in aid and will assist in training Ukrainian pilots for the Gripen.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 8:10 AM
For anyone interested in learning Ukrainian:
Check this out, guys! If you want to truly understand Ukraine, if you want to travel to Ukraine, do business, or deepen an engagement with one of the most resilient nations on earth – it all starts with the language. 🇺🇦
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:03 PM
Join the courses at the @ukrinstitute.bsky.social and feel the energy of a nation that is inspiring the world. 🌍✨
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:03 PM
Here is President Zelenskyy’s address from earlier today. Video below, English transcript after the jump.
The Visits This Week Were Specifically about Ensuring That in the Spring and Summer We Can Maintain Ukraine’s Resilience and Strength – Address by the President
17 April 2026 – 16:10
Dear Ukrainians!
Today – Lviv, a visit to Ukraine by the King of Sweden, which is an important demonstration of respect for our people and our state. His Majesty is already in Ukraine for the second time since the restoration of our independence. He is accompanied by a government delegation, and we have many areas of cooperation with Sweden, first and foremost in defense. We are preparing to expand our combat aviation fleet with Gripen aircraft – we are working on this in detail.
As soon as the European package for Ukraine is unblocked, it will unlock funding for such strong defense capabilities – both for immediate protection and for the future. It is essential that there is not even a hint of any weakening of Ukraine – only then will diplomacy work over time.
Together with Sweden, we are also seeking solutions to strengthen our air defense. The top priority is protection against missiles, against ballistic threats. We discussed these issues today. Because of the war in Iran, there are risks to the supply of weapons to Ukraine. I thank all our partners who are ready to help and to find ways to address this: Germany, Norway, Italy, the Netherlands, and now Sweden – also visiting Ukraine. The visits this week were specifically about this: ensuring that in the spring and summer we can maintain Ukraine’s resilience and strength, and that Russia has no temptation to think that rising oil prices and global instability can somehow benefit it in this war.
Virtually every day, at both the political and military levels, we are in communication with our partners to strengthen air defense. We are seeking anti-ballistic capabilities. Most importantly, we are moving toward conditions in which we will be able to produce air defense in Ukraine and together with our partners – all the necessary formats, systems, missiles, and so on. This is a serious strategic task for Ukraine – a real task that will guarantee protection for decades.
Among the security guarantees we are considering for Ukraine are weapons packages, the ability to produce the necessary weapons, and therefore licenses and an industrial base for this. These are key priorities.
Today, I will also take part in a meeting on the Strait of Hormuz – many leaders are gathering for coordination to ensure security in the Strait. The world now clearly knows where this strait is and why it is so important. And what is being said about it today is very similar to what we were saying about the Black Sea in 2022 and 2023, when the Russians tried to block our access to the Black Sea.
Ukraine solved that challenge. Now the entire world sees that maritime security is a global value, not just someone’s local issue. Security must be protected together – and we hope that our partners’ conclusions from all current challenges will be strong.
I thank everyone who truly protects our lives from terror.
I thank everyone who supports Ukraine. I thank all Ukrainians.
Glory to Ukraine!
President Zelenskyy also both attended and addressed the virtual meeting on freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz. No video has been posted yet, but here’s the English transcript.
Address by the President to Participants of the Virtual Meeting on Freedom of Navigation in the Strait of Hormuz
17 April 2026 – 19:18
Hi, Emmanuel, Keir, Giorgia, Friedrich, all the friends!
Glad to see you, and it’s good we have this format for coordination. This is the right task – to find a joint security response for the Strait of Hormuz, because it’s about much more than just this strait.
We all understand the problems caused by the war in Iran. The economy is global now, and the cost of living is affected everywhere. We all need to work together to remove the dangers in Hormuz. But it must be done in a way that helps protect freedom of navigation everywhere in the world – not just in Hormuz. And the decisions made now on Hormuz will shape what other troublemakers might think about causing problems – in other straits and on other fronts.
So let’s be as concrete and clear as possible – and make sure this is not just words we are all saying here today. And let’s not end up six months from now like in Gaza, where lots yet to be done – security there is still largely fragile, reconstruction hasn’t really started, and many humanitarian problems remain unresolved. In Hormuz, there are security tasks that can’t be solved just by political decisions – they need to be handled in a way that is solid and long-lasting.
First, we need to define what actually depends on all of us in Hormuz, and what depends on the United States. It’s also important to involve the countries of the Middle East and the Gulf in a way that reflects their shared interests. The key principle is this: after this war, security must be stronger – not weaker.
Second, let’s have our military teams meet as soon as possible and go through all the critical aspects of how a security mission in Hormuz could work, and what experience each side can bring.
Ukraine has gone through a very similar mission – not the same but very similar mission – in the Black Sea. Russia also tried to block our sea. We have experience with escorting commercial vessels, demining, protection from air attacks, and overall coordination of such operations. Ukrainians are already working in the Gulf region on air security – so we can also contribute to security at sea.
At the same time, this war in Iran is already affecting the situation here in Europe in a negative way – through Russia’s war against us, against Ukraine. Russia remains a terrorist state and has no intention of reducing the number or the brutality of its strikes. The United States, for various reasons, may be easing pressure on Russia, and this could lead to shortages of the weapons we need here to defend against those attacks, especially air defense – you know it.
So this means, we in Europe need to take even stronger joint steps to protect lives – above all, to defend against ballistic threats and to maintain pressure on Russia over the war. I’m grateful to all the countries already helping us with this – those taking new steps on air defense, supporting the PURL program, and speeding up domestic production projects, especially in Europe, for the weapons we need.
All key parts of the world need to rely more on their own strength. This applies to Europe, to the Middle East and the Gulf – where we will clearly see more regional security cooperation, new partnerships – as well as to key regions in Asia, and also Canada, Australia, New Zealand.
With formats and meetings like this one, and like the Coalition of the Willing, and like JEF and others – we are shaping the security system future generations will live with. Please, let’s keep this practical and real – not empty words – for Hormuz, for Europe, and for everyone who needs coordination and support.
Thank you, guys! Thank you.
First Lady Olena Zelenska Visited the 112 Service and Met with Psychologists of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
17 April 2026 – 20:30
First Lady of Ukraine Olena Zelenska, accompanied by Ukraine’s Minister of Internal Affairs Ihor Klymenko, learned about the work of the 112 Service within the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.
Olena Zelenska had the opportunity to see how the communication center operates. The hotline service is provided in Ukrainian and English, with additional support in German, French, Polish, Czech, and Korean. Video call assistance is available for people with hearing and speech impairments. Emergency assistance can also be requested via the mobile application 112 Ukraine, which works even without mobile coverage.
“I am grateful to everyone who receives the most urgent calls and responds immediately by directing assistance. This is difficult and highly responsible work carried out by hundreds of operators across Ukraine. Their duties include not only receiving requests but also maintaining contact with the caller – to calm, guide, and support them,” the First Lady emphasized.
The President’s wife noted that veterans are also involved in the work of the emergency service: 20 such specialists are already taking calls in Kyiv, Lviv, Dnipro, and Odesa.
The First Lady also visited the MIA Situation Centre, which continuously monitors the security environment, collects data, forecasts developments, and identifies the most effective decisions for protecting Ukrainians.
Olena Zelenska inspected the work of the MIA psychological service. Around 1,300 psychologists provide counselling support to staff, their families, and civilians. They also help cope with stress in combat zones and support rehabilitation for those released from captivity.
“I value the fact that MIA psychologists also cooperate with the All-Ukrainian Mental Health Program ‘How Are You?’, which I patronize. In 23 regional centers and in more than 100 communities, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in cooperation with the Coordination Center for Mental Health of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, has joined the Days of Joint Action – special public events where we support and promote psychological assistance,” the First Lady noted.
The President’s wife was also briefed on the Mental Tutor psychological support project, which provides individual psychological assistance. With funding from international partners, specialists receive additional training using evidence-based psychotherapeutic methods.
“Through no fault or choice of its own, our entire society is experiencing the trauma of war. However, with timely psychological support, we will endure and overcome it,” Olena Zelenska emphasized.
Georgia:
Day 506 of uninterrupted, nationwide protests in Georgia. 🇬🇪
— Rusudan Djakeli (@rusudandjakeli.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 2:48 PM
Despite GD’s metrics of economic growth, most 🇬🇪 families feel stagflation kick in, and prices become unbearable.
Opposition Alliance held a briefing today about comparing economic struggles. It includes: cutting the excise tax on fuel in half (to the 2016 markers), cutting income tax and VAT by 1%.
— Marika Mikiashvili 🇬🇪🇺🇦🇪🇺 (@marikamikiashvili.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 8:19 AM
— Marika Mikiashvili 🇬🇪🇺🇦🇪🇺 (@marikamikiashvili.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:52 AM
In fact, Russia’s 2008 invasion of Georgia was a desperate attempt to put an end to Georgia’s rapid development after all other subversive efforts failed. Because Russia can never allow success for a neighbour, which they inherently see as a former and future colony.
— Marika Mikiashvili 🇬🇪🇺🇦🇪🇺 (@marikamikiashvili.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:54 AM
Norway:
STOLTENBERG: My country, Norway, borders Russia. Just on other side of our land border, we see highest concentration of nuclear weapons in the world: missiles, submarines, bombers. These weapons are not directed at Norway — they’re directed at United States.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:15 AM
Yet Norway helps United States monitor and track those submarines, share intelligence, provide early warning, and report precisely what Russians are doing.
This is part of America’s homeland defense, delivered by a NATO ally. And there are many other similar examples.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:15 AM
So United States is safer with a strong NATO. That is why I expect and believe the United States will remain committed to the Alliance.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:15 AM
Finland:
STUBB: I think, at the end of the day, United States will find themselves in quite a lonely place.
I’m most pro-American president in Europe. I’m avid transatlanticist. I want relationship to work.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:40 AM
But I also fully realize that, with certain patterns of behavior, there’s going to be a feeling of, “Okay, if you treat me like that, I don’t feel very good about it.”
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:40 AM
We can see that with European states, Gulf states and many others. I hope that it’s in interest of United States to have close friends and allies, if it wants to continue to be one of the world’s hegemons.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:40 AM
The Baltic states/the EU:
Russia’s Foreign Intelligence chief Sergey Naryshkin has claimed there is a supposedly “tense situation” on the borders of Russia and Belarus, accusing the Baltic states and Poland of “militarising their economies” and implying they are “preparing an attack on Russia.”
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 11:09 AM
‼️ These statements are part of a broader disinformation campaign aimed at intimidating European societies.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 11:09 AM
The Kremlin is trying to portray the defensive measures of sovereign states as “preparations for aggression” in order to weaken support for Ukraine and justify its own military presence and hybrid provocations.
(🔍Material by the Center for Countering Disinformation)
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 11:09 AM
Belarus:
‼️ Infrastructure is being expanded near the Belarus–Ukraine border, with roads being built toward Ukrainian territory and artillery positions being set up, – Zelensky.
Ukraine believes Russia is once again trying to drag Belarus into its war.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:52 PM
Belarus’s most ardent democrat and its dictator Lukashenko says the US should learn from Belarus. He claims it has 100 times more democracy and real human rights.
— WarTranslated (Dmitri) (@wartranslated.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:03 AM
Hungary:
“Hungary will not be a safe haven for international criminals.” — @magyarPeterMP
Foreign politicians granted asylum by Orban after fleeing investigations at home are likely to face extradition now.
Looks like a wholesale purge of Orban’s corruption is underway in Hungary.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 3:18 AM
Russian oil deliveries via the Druzhba pipeline to Hungary through Ukraine may restart next week, Peter Magyar says. He expects Orban to lift his veto once flows resume, and Zelensky said this week supplies could be back by the end of April.
— WarTranslated (Dmitri) (@wartranslated.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 10:23 AM
The US:
Water is wet.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:06 PM

April 15th, US at Ramstein meeting: Keep buying lots of US weapons for Ukraine via PURL; also rebuilding EU munitions stock is paramount.
April 16th: US will delay weapons deliveries to EU countries due to Iran war, particularly in Eastern Europe.
Not exactly a reliable setup.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 2:05 PM
Europe’s far-right begins to turn away from Trump – Politico
Orban’s defeat in Hungary, after being actively backed by Trump and JD Vance, became the tipping point for Europe’s far-right.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:17 PM
They had already started distancing themselves due to Trump’s aggressive stance toward Europe and his role in escalating tensions in the Middle East. Now it’s clear that being close to him can damage their electoral prospects.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:17 PM
▪️ Trump has become politically toxic even for his closest ideological allies in Europe.
“We need to keep our distance,” Marine Le Pen told members of her National Rally party.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:17 PM
Another factor was Trump’s attack on Pope Leo XIV. Italian PM Giorgia Meloni – long seen as one of Trump’s last allies in Europe – reportedly decided to step back too.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:17 PM
US Army Secretary Driscoll: Ukrainians have fundamentally altered how humans engage in conflict. They’ve done an absolutely amazing job of innovating, and I am publicly on record saying we’re learning a lot from them and we’re changing to a lot of lessons that they’ve developed.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 9:22 AM
Back to Ukraine:
🇺🇦 FM SYBIHA: How could Ukraine accept a demand or ultimatum from Russia for the withdrawal of our troops from Donbas? It is simply not possible. Ukraine will never accept any formula or any initiative that comes at the cost of our territorial integrity and sovereignty.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 8:43 AM
🇺🇦FM SYBIHA: Russians are now losing an average of 30,000 soldiers per month, based on visually confirmed casualties. But they don’t care. However, this is becoming increasingly harmful for them. Once again, Putin must realise that he will never achieve his goals on battlefield.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 11:17 AM
Russia is preparing mass attacks on Ukraine seven times a month, Foreign Minister Sybiha says, citing intelligence. He adds a mass attack means at least 400 drones and 20 missiles.
— WarTranslated (Dmitri) (@wartranslated.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 6:46 AM
Since 2022, Russia has deployed three nearly identical mysterious facilities:
🔹at a former nuclear weapons storage site in occupied Crimea
🔹at the Nenoksa test range in Arkhangelsk region, where the Burevestnik missile is tested
🔹 and at an abandoned tank firing range near Lake Ladoga.— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 11:23 AM
Watch how Ukrainian Yak-52 crew battles Russian Shahed drones:
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 12:19 PM
Interception of the Russian Shahed with R-60 air-to-air missile decoy.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:51 AM
Sky Sentinel turrets equipped with M2 Browning machine guns intercept Russian Shahed kamikaze drones.
Also, for the first time, operators of the Sky Sentinel turret downed jet-powered Shahed. At the time of interception, the target was moving at a speed of 400+ km/h.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:30 AM
🎥Exclusive footage: E-300 aircraft taking off on a logistics mission, delivering over a hundred kilograms of supplies from deep rear directly to the frontline positions.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 6:02 AM
Ukrainian troops filmed a guided Gerbera botching a strike on a mobile air defense team. It fell a meter from a Ukrainian vehicle and didn’t detonate, reason unclear.
— WarTranslated (Dmitri) (@wartranslated.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 12:16 PM
Ukraine’s Defense Forces destroyed 114 Russian artillery systems in the past day.
— WarTranslated (Dmitri) (@wartranslated.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 3:59 AM
A Ukrainian Mi-24 helicopter with an astonishing 185 kill marks.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 5:17 AM
Russian occupied Sevastopol:
The port of Sevastopol is receiving drone sanctions at this hour.
This video shows something large and flammable lighting up the night sky, reportedly the oil depot on Kazachya Bay.
I look forward to hearing how drone debris caused a small fire with no damage done.🔥
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:11 PM
Something is on fire in the port area of occupied Sevastopol🔥👀
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:56 PM
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast:
Russian bastards killed a man with an FPV drone in the Dnipropetrovsk region. Two other people were injured.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 9:07 AM
Dnipro:
This is a russian drone falling on the city of Dnipro in broad daylight today, Friday. There is no military purpose to bombing a city, especially during rush hour, yet russia does so anyway, like the terrorists they are!
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 12:01 PM
Kyiv:
A Russian drone with an active warhead was pulled out of the Dnipro River in Kyiv after yesterday’s massive attack.
It didn’t explode. It ended up in the water, still armed.
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 11:37 AM
Kharkiv:
Explosions in Kharkiv ‼️ russian drones again.
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 3:58 PM
Kharkiv Oblast:
Ukraine’s defense minister Fedorov says a private air defense unit shot down a jet-powered Shahed at over 400 km/h in Kharkiv region for the first time. He adds 19 enterprises are forming integrated private air defense groups and the project will scale.
— WarTranslated (Dmitri) (@wartranslated.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:49 AM
Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts:
While russian propaganda claims that Donbas has always been russian, the archival images tell a different story — beautiful Ukrainian vyshyvankas in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions in the 1920s–30s.
Donetsk is Ukraine.
Luhansk is Ukraine.— Olena Halushka (@halushka.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:57 PM
For more photos
v-variant.com.ua/article/den-…
www.radiosvoboda.org/a/donbass–r…— Olena Halushka (@halushka.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 1:57 PM
Russian occupied Luhansk Oblast:
❗️Lasar Group struck a concentration of Russian BM-30 Smerch MLRS systems deep behind the frontline in Luhansk region.
• BM-30 Smerch launcher; • “Slepok-1” fire control system eliminated; • BM-30 Transport-loader vehicle; • Another BM-30 Smerch damaged.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 4:25 AM
Russian occupied Mariupol:
Tonight, the USF struck Russian Pantsir-S1 air defence system in Mariupol.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 4:14 AM
Ukrainian Special Operations Forces struck a logistics base of Russia’s “Rubikon” drone unit in occupied Mangush near Mariupol overnight on April 17.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 4:33 AM
CyberBoroshno says seven drones hit Rubikon’s logistics hub in Mangush near Mariupol overnight, striking three warehouses. Exilenova+ recon shows the 2300 sq m main building ablaze with roughly 70 percent of the perimeter on fire, analysts write.
— WarTranslated (Dmitri) (@wartranslated.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 7:58 AM
Leningrad Oblast, Russia:
Russia is now calling up reservists to fight drones in the Leningrad region of Russian swamps.
Three-year contracts, but don’t worry, you can still keep your job at the factory.
Oh no… what happened?
— Maria Drutska (@mariadrutska.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 12:29 PM
Krasnodar Krai, Russia:
Russian oil refinery in Tuapse continues to burn 🔥
— Kate from Kharkiv (@kateinkharkiv.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 6:09 AM
Belgorod and Rostov Oblasts, Russia:
Ukrainian Defense Forces report strikes on the Russian radar systems and military infrastructure on April 16–17.
• Nebo-M radar in Belgorod region • Podlyot radar in Rostov region
Additional strikes targeted command posts, UAV control centers, repair bases, logistics hubs, boat storage, etc.
— 🦋Special Kherson Cat🐈🇺🇦 (@specialkhersoncat.bsky.social) April 17, 2026 at 4:12 AM
That’s enough for tonight.
Your daily Patron!
There are no new Patron skeets or videos today.
Here is some adjacent material.
🐈😂 Ukrainian combat cat checks today’s news.
— 24Hours Ukraine (@24hoursukraine.bsky.social) April 12, 2026 at 6:01 PM
Open thread!
War for Ukraine Day 1,513: A Brief Friday Night UpdatePost + Comments (12)







